Today, industrial or conventional farming is the most prevalent type of farming globally. It involves large-scale agricultural production using modern machinery, chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) to maximize yield. This type of farming is common in developed nations and heavily focuses on efficiency and large-scale production of crops like corn, wheat, soybeans, and livestock.
However, there is a growing trend toward sustainable and organic farming practices, especially in response to concerns about environmental degradation, food quality, and animal welfare. Organic farming avoids synthetic chemicals and GMOs and focuses on natural processes to maintain soil health and biodiversity. While still less common than conventional farming, sustainable agriculture is gaining popularity, particularly in regions with environmentally conscious consumers.
Key types of farming today:
- Industrial agriculture (Conventional)
- Organic farming
- Sustainable farming
- Agroecology and Permaculture (focused on biodiversity and ecological balance)
Industrial farming remains dominant due to its ability to meet the high demand for food on a global scale.